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EIGRPネットワークにおける異なるメジャーネットワークでの自動集約 <2>

自動集約をしていれば必ず通信できなくなるわけではありません。通信できる通信できないは、ネットワーク構成によります。
ネットワーク構成図

  1. RT-A に以下の設定をしなさい。
  2. ホスト名RT-A
    Lo0 のIPアドレス192.168.1.1/27
    F0/1 のIPアドレス192.168.1.33/27
    ルーティングプロトコルEIGRP
    AS 番号10
    自動集約有効
    < RT-A >
    Router# conf t
    Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
    Router(config)# host RT-A
    RT-A(config)# int Lo0
    RT-A(config-if)# ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.224
    RT-A(config-if)# int f0/1
    RT-A(config-if)# ip add 192.168.1.33 255.255.255.224
    RT-A(config-if)# no shut
    RT-A(config-if)# router eigrp 10
    RT-A(config-router)# net 192.168.1.0
    RT-A(config-router)# auto-summary
    RT-A(config-router)# ^Z
    RT-A#
    
  3. RT-B に以下の設定をしなさい。
  4. ホスト名RT-B
    Lo0 のIPアドレス172.16.1.2/24
    F0/0 のIPアドレス192.168.1.34/27
    F0/1 のIPアドレス172.16.2.2/24
    ルーティングプロトコルEIGRP
    AS 番号10
    自動集約有効
    < RT-B >
    Router# conf t
    Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
    Router(config)# host RT-B
    RT-B(config)# int Lo0
    RT-B(config-if)# ip add 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0
    RT-B(config-if)# int f0/0
    RT-B(config-if)# ip add 192.168.1.34 255.255.255.224
    RT-B(config-if)# no shut
    RT-B(config-if)# int f0/1
    RT-B(config-if)# ip add 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0
    RT-B(config-if)# no shut
    RT-B(config-if)# router eigrp 10
    RT-B(config-router)# net 192.168.1.0
    RT-B(config-router)# net 172.16.0.0
    RT-B(config-router)# auto-summary
    RT-B(config-router)# ^Z
    RT-B#
    
  5. RT-C に以下の設定をしなさい。
  6. ホスト名RT-C
    Lo0 のIPアドレス10.10.10.3/16
    F0/0 のIPアドレス172.16.2.3/24
    ルーティングプロトコルEIGRP
    AS 番号10
    自動集約有効
    < RT-C >
    Router# conf t
    Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
    Router(config)# host RT-C
    RT-C(config)# int Lo0
    RT-C(config-if)# ip add 10.10.10.3 255.255.0.0
    RT-C(config-if)# int f0/0
    RT-C(config-if)# ip add 172.16.2.3 255.255.255.0
    RT-C(config-if)# no shut
    RT-C(config-if)# router eigrp 10
    RT-C(config-router)# net 172.16.0.0
    RT-C(config-router)# net 10.0.0.0
    RT-C(config-router)# auto-summary
    RT-C(config-router)# ^Z
    RT-C#
    
  7. 送信元アドレスに 192.168.1.1 を使い、RT-A から RT-B の Lo0 宛てに ping を実行しなさい。
  8. < RT-A >
    RT-A# ping 172.16.2.2 source 192.168.1.1  ← 192.168.1.1 が送信元IPアドレス
    Type escape sequence to abort.
    Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
    Packet sent with a source address of 192.168.1.1
    !!!!!           ← ping 成功
    Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms
    RT-A#
    
    ping が成功しました。
  9. 送信元アドレスに 192.168.1.1 を使い、RT-A から RT-C の Lo0 宛てに ping を実行しなさい。
  10. < RT-A >
    RT-A# ping 10.10.10.3 source 192.168.1.1
    Type escape sequence to abort.
    Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.10.10.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
    Packet sent with a source address of 192.168.1.1
    !!!!!           ← ping 成功
    Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms
    RT-A#
    
    ping が成功しました。
    この構成の場合は、自動集約が有効でも通信可能です。
  11. RT-A、RT-B、RT-C のルーティングテーブル (EIGRP) を表示させなさい。
  12. < RT-A >
    RT-A# sh ip route eigrp | begin Gateway
    Gateway of last resort is not set
    
    D     10.0.0.0/8 [90/158720] via 192.168.1.34, 00:04:14, FastEthernet0/1   ← RT-B に送る
    D     172.16.0.0/16 [90/30720] via 192.168.1.34, 00:04:14, FastEthernet0/1 ← RT-B に送る
    RT-A#
    
    集約はされていますが、10.0.0.0/8 のネットワーク宛ても、172.16.0.0/16 のネットワーク宛ても RT-B に送るので問題ありません。
    < RT-B >
    RT-B# sh ip route eigrp | begin Gateway
    Gateway of last resort is not set
    
    D     10.0.0.0/8 [90/156160] via 172.16.2.3, 00:06:57, FastEthernet0/1 ← RT-C に送る
          172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 3 masks
    D        172.16.0.0/16 is a summary, 00:07:04, Null0
          192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 3 masks
    D        192.168.1.0/24 is a summary, 00:07:15, Null0
    D        192.168.1.0/27
               [90/156160] via 192.168.1.33, 00:04:54, FastEthernet0/0     ← RT-A に送る
    RT-B#
    
    このルーティングテーブルでの問題は、172.16.0.0/16 宛てのパケットで、全て「Null0」インターフェイスに送られ捨てられます。
    しかし、ネットワーク構成図を見て分かるように、172.16.1.0/24 も 172.2.0/24 も RT-B に直接接続しているネットワークで、これら以外に 172.16.0.0/16 に含まれるネットワークはありません。

    では、RT-B の全ルートエントリを見てみましょう。
    < RT-B >
    RT-B# sh ip route | begin Gateway
    Gateway of last resort is not set
    
    D     10.0.0.0/8 [90/156160] via 172.16.2.3, 00:20:21, FastEthernet0/1
          172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 3 masks
    D        172.16.0.0/16 is a summary, 00:20:28, Null0
    C        172.16.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
    L        172.16.1.2/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
    C        172.16.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
    L        172.16.2.2/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
          192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 3 masks
    D        192.168.1.0/24 is a summary, 00:20:39, Null0
    D        192.168.1.0/27
               [90/156160] via 192.168.1.33, 00:18:18, FastEthernet0/0
    C        192.168.1.32/27 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
    L        192.168.1.34/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
    RT-B#
    
    172.16.1.0/24 も 172.2.0/24 も、各インターフェイスに直接接続したネットワークに送られます。
    < RT-C >
    RT-C# sh ip route eigrp | begin Gateway
    Gateway of last resort is not set
    
          10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 3 masks
    D        10.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 00:23:24, Null0
          172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 3 masks
    D        172.16.0.0/16 is a summary, 00:23:24, Null0
    D        172.16.1.0/24 [90/156160] via 172.16.2.2, 00:23:18, FastEthernet0/0
    D     192.168.1.0/24 [90/30720] via 172.16.2.2, 00:23:18, FastEthernet0/0
    RT-C#
    
    RT-C も「Null0」宛てのルートエントリがありますが、これも RT-B と同様です。
  13. RT-A、RT-B、RT-C のネイバーテーブルを表示させなさい。
  14. < RT-A >
    RT-A# sh ip eigrp neighbors
    EIGRP-IPv4 Neighbors for AS(10)
    H   Address                 Interface       Hold Uptime   SRTT   RTO  Q  Seq
                                                (sec)         (ms)       Cnt Num
    0   192.168.1.34            Fa0/1             14 00:23:25 1593  5000  0  7
    RT-A#
    
    < RT-B >
    RT-B# sh ip eigrp neighbors
    EIGRP-IPv4 Neighbors for AS(10)
    H   Address                 Interface       Hold Uptime   SRTT   RTO  Q  Seq
                                                (sec)         (ms)       Cnt Num
    1   192.168.1.33            Fa0/0             13 00:23:34    1   200  0  3
    0   172.16.2.3              Fa0/1             13 00:25:37 1596  5000  0  4
    RT-B#
    
    < RT-C >
    RT-C# sh ip eigrp neighbors
    EIGRP-IPv4 Neighbors for AS(10)
    H   Address                 Interface       Hold Uptime   SRTT   RTO  Q  Seq
                                                (sec)         (ms)       Cnt Num
    0   172.16.2.2              Fa0/0             13 00:25:44    3   200  0  4
    RT-C#
    
  15. RT-A、RT-B、RT-C のトポロジーテーブルを表示させなさい。
  16. < RT-A >
    RT-A# sh ip eigrp topology
    EIGRP-IPv4 Topology Table for AS(10)/ID(192.168.1.1)
    Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
           r - reply Status, s - sia Status
    
    P 172.16.0.0/16, 1 successors, FD is 30720
            via 192.168.1.34 (30720/28160), FastEthernet0/1
    P 10.0.0.0/8, 1 successors, FD is 158720
            via 192.168.1.34 (158720/156160), FastEthernet0/1
    P 192.168.1.0/27, 1 successors, FD is 128256
            via Connected, Loopback0
    P 192.168.1.32/27, 1 successors, FD is 28160
            via Connected, FastEthernet0/1
    
    RT-A#
    
    < RT-B >
    RT-B# sh ip eigrp topology
    EIGRP-IPv4 Topology Table for AS(10)/ID(172.16.1.2)
    Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
           r - reply Status, s - sia Status
    
    P 172.16.2.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 28160
            via Connected, FastEthernet0/1
    P 172.16.0.0/16, 1 successors, FD is 28160
            via Summary (28160/0), Null0
    P 10.0.0.0/8, 1 successors, FD is 156160
            via 172.16.2.3 (156160/128256), FastEthernet0/1
    P 192.168.1.0/27, 1 successors, FD is 156160
            via 192.168.1.33 (156160/128256), FastEthernet0/0
    P 192.168.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 28160
            via Summary (28160/0), Null0
    P 192.168.1.32/27, 1 successors, FD is 28160
            via Connected, FastEthernet0/0
    P 172.16.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 128256
            via Connected, Loopback0
    
    RT-B#
    
    < RT-C >
    RT-C# sh ip eigrp topology
    EIGRP-IPv4 Topology Table for AS(10)/ID(10.10.10.3)
    Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
           r - reply Status, s - sia Status
    
    P 172.16.2.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 28160, U
            via Connected, FastEthernet0/0
    P 172.16.0.0/16, 1 successors, FD is 28160
            via Summary (28160/0), Null0
    P 10.0.0.0/8, 1 successors, FD is 128256
            via Summary (128256/0), Null0
    P 192.168.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 30720
            via 172.16.2.2 (30720/28160), FastEthernet0/0
    P 10.10.0.0/16, 1 successors, FD is 128256
            via Connected, Loopback0
    P 172.16.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 156160
            via 172.16.2.2 (156160/128256), FastEthernet0/0
    
    RT-C#
    
  17. RT-A、RT-B、RT-C で 自動集約をさせないように設定しなさい。
  18. < RT-A >
    RT-A# conf t
    Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
    RT-A(config)# router eigrp 10
    RT-A(config-router)# no auto-summary
    RT-A(config-router)# ^Z
    RT-A#
    
    < RT-B >
    RT-B# conf t
    Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
    RT-B(config)# router eigrp 10
    RT-B(config-router)# no auto-summary
    RT-B(config-router)# ^Z
    RT-B#
    
    < RT-C >
    RT-C# conf t
    Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
    RT-C(config)# router eigrp 10 
    RT-C(config-router)# no auto-summary
    RT-C(config-router)# ^Z
    RT-C#
    
  19. RT-A、RT-B、RT-C のルーティングテーブル (EIGRP) を表示させなさい。
  20. < RT-A >
    RT-A# sh ip route eigrp | begin Gateway
    Gateway of last resort is not set
    
          10.0.0.0/16 is subnetted, 1 subnets
    D        10.10.0.0 [90/158720] via 192.168.1.34, 00:00:44, FastEthernet0/1
          172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
    D        172.16.1.0 [90/156160] via 192.168.1.34, 00:00:49, FastEthernet0/1
    D        172.16.2.0 [90/30720] via 192.168.1.34, 00:00:49, FastEthernet0/1
    RT-A#
    
    < RT-B >
    RT-B# sh ip route eigrp | begin Gateway
    Gateway of last resort is not set
    
          10.0.0.0/16 is subnetted, 1 subnets
    D        10.10.0.0 [90/156160] via 172.16.2.3, 00:00:51, FastEthernet0/1
          192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks
    D        192.168.1.0/27
               [90/156160] via 192.168.1.33, 00:27:51, FastEthernet0/0
    RT-B#
    
    < RT-C >
    T-C# sh ip route eigrp | begin Gateway
    Gateway of last resort is not set
    
          172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks
    D        172.16.1.0/24 [90/156160] via 172.16.2.2, 00:30:03, FastEthernet0/0
          192.168.1.0/27 is subnetted, 2 subnets
    D        192.168.1.0 [90/158720] via 172.16.2.2, 00:01:05, FastEthernet0/0
    D        192.168.1.32 [90/30720] via 172.16.2.2, 00:01:05, FastEthernet0/0
    
    全てのルーティングテーブルの EIGRP ルートエントリが集約されずに、サブネット単位になりました。
  21. RT-A、RT-B、RT-C のトポロジーテーブルを表示させなさい。
  22. < RT-A >
    RT-A# sh ip eigrp topology
    EIGRP-IPv4 Topology Table for AS(10)/ID(192.168.1.1)
    Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
           r - reply Status, s - sia Status
    
    P 172.16.2.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 30720
            via 192.168.1.34 (30720/28160), FastEthernet0/1
    P 192.168.1.0/27, 1 successors, FD is 128256
            via Connected, Loopback0
    P 10.10.0.0/16, 1 successors, FD is 158720
            via 192.168.1.34 (158720/156160), FastEthernet0/1
    P 192.168.1.32/27, 1 successors, FD is 28160
            via Connected, FastEthernet0/1
    P 172.16.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 156160
            via 192.168.1.34 (156160/128256), FastEthernet0/1
    
    RT-A#
    
    < RT-B >
    RT-B# sh ip eigrp topology
    EIGRP-IPv4 Topology Table for AS(10)/ID(172.16.1.2)
    Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
           r - reply Status, s - sia Status
    
    P 172.16.2.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 28160
            via Connected, FastEthernet0/1
    P 192.168.1.0/27, 1 successors, FD is 156160
            via 192.168.1.33 (156160/128256), FastEthernet0/0
    P 10.10.0.0/16, 1 successors, FD is 156160
            via 172.16.2.3 (156160/128256), FastEthernet0/1
    P 192.168.1.32/27, 1 successors, FD is 28160
            via Connected, FastEthernet0/0
    P 172.16.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 128256
            via Connected, Loopback0
    
    RT-B#
    
    < RT-C >
    RT-C# sh ip eigrp topology
    EIGRP-IPv4 Topology Table for AS(10)/ID(10.10.10.3)
    Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
           r - reply Status, s - sia Status
    
    P 172.16.2.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 28160, U
            via Connected, FastEthernet0/0
    P 192.168.1.0/27, 1 successors, FD is 158720
            via 172.16.2.2 (158720/156160), FastEthernet0/0
    P 10.10.0.0/16, 1 successors, FD is 128256
            via Connected, Loopback0
    P 192.168.1.32/27, 1 successors, FD is 30720
            via 172.16.2.2 (30720/28160), FastEthernet0/0
    P 172.16.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 156160
            via 172.16.2.2 (156160/128256), FastEthernet0/0
    
    RT-C#
    
    自動集約が有効時と無効時のトポロジーテーブルの違いをチェックしておきましょう。